Michael Jackson (August 29, 1958 - June 25, 2009) is an American singer who spent more than four decades in the public eye, first as a child star with The Jackson 5, and later as a solo artist, during which time he passed various image changes. Beginning in the mid-1980s, it became clear that Jackson's appearance changed dramatically. The shape of his face, especially his nose, sparked widespread speculation from extensive cosmetic surgery. The skin color becomes much lighter. Although Jackson was diagnosed with a skin disorder of vitiligo, which produces white patches on the skin, and says that he inadvertently whitens his skin but has used makeup to flatten his skin color, it is widely suggested that his lighter skin color is in part due to skin bleaching.
Jackson and several of his siblings said they had been physically and psychologically tortured by their father, Joseph Jackson. In 2003, Joseph claimed to whip them as children, but firmly rejected the allegations of old abuse. The blowout is highly traumatized by Jackson and may have led to further health problems later in life. Doctors speculate that he has a dysmorphic disorder of the body.
At some point during the 1990s, it seems that Jackson has become dependent on prescription drugs, especially painkillers and strong sedatives. Drug use was then associated with second- and third-degree burns he suffered several years earlier. As more difficulties arose in his life, he gradually became dependent on these drugs, and his health deteriorated. He underwent rehabilitation in 1993.
While preparing for a series of comeback concerts scheduled to start in July 2009, Jackson died of acute poisoning propofol and benzodiazepine after suffering a heart attack on June 25, 2009. His personal physician was convicted of accidental killing in his death and sentenced to four years in prison.
Video Health and appearance of Michael Jackson
Skin color
Jackson's skin was a medium brown color throughout his youth; however, beginning in the mid-1980s, the skin gradually became pale, partly caused by vitiligo (long-term skin condition characterized by patches on the skin that lost its pigment), but is also widely thought to be due to skin bleaching and alteration its features appear white. The cause of vitiligo is unknown. This is believed to be due to genetic susceptibility that is triggered by environmental factors so that autoimmune disease occurs.
J. Randy Taraborrelli stated that Jackson started making his nose smaller around the same time his skin became lighter, and used an over-the-counter skin whitening cream called Porcelana to achieve lighter skin. Jackson's physical change gained widespread media coverage, and provoked criticism from the public. Some African American psychologists argue Jackson is a "bad role model for black youth." Dr. Dennis Chestnut says Jackson gives "black youth a feeling they can achieve," but it can also encourage some people to think that they must be esoteric and idiosyncratic to be successful. It was also considered that Jackson whitened his skin just to improve his career. Dr Halford Fairchild said Jackson and other African-American celebrities would try "to look more like white people to fit in movies and on television". Jackson has also been confronted with the reaction of the people around him. John Landis said when Jackson showed his whitened chest, he told him that the doctor was a criminal.
However, in 1993, Jackson told Oprah Winfrey "there, as I know, there is no such thing as skin whitening, I've never seen it, I do not know what it is." In this interview Jackson states he has a skin disorder (vitiligo) and also states that the disorder is hereditary, not something he caused; he also said he was using makeup to flatten uneven skin tone. "This is something I can not help," Jackson explained. "When people make a story that I do not want to be who I am, it hurts me.This is a problem for me I can not control it, but what about the millions of people sitting in the sunlight to become darker than anything else? who said nothing about it. "Winfrey's interview on Jackson was watched by 62 million Americans. It also initiated a public discourse on the topic of vitiligo, a relatively unknown condition before that.
Jackson publicly stated that he is proud to be black. He also wrote a letter to photographer William Pecchi Jr. in 1988 which read: "Maybe I see the world through rose-colored glasses but I love people all over the world.That's why the story of racism really annoys me. [...]" Because actually I believe ALL people are created equal , I taught it and will always believe it. I just can not imagine how someone could hate others because of the color of the skin. I like every race on planet earth. Prejudice is the child of ignorance. Naked we come to the world and naked we will go out. And a very good thing too, because it reminds me that I'm naked under my shirt, whatever the color. "
On June 29, 2009, several Benoquin and hydroquinone tubes were found at Jackson's home. Both creams are usually used to treat vitiligo; Dr. David Sawcer says some patients with vitiligo reach the point where it makes more sense to remove chocolate pieces because of so much pale skin. Getting depigmented skin darker is also very difficult. Depigmentation causes a permanent and extreme sensitivity to the sun. Vitiligo patients are at risk of contracting melanoma, and annual cancer screening is recommended. Another common way to treat vitiligo is to use makeup to disguise depigmented skin. The treatment Jackson uses for his condition eases his skin tone, and with the pancake makeup application to flatten his skin tone, he can look very pale. Jackson also covered up his skin disorder with his long sleeve wear and trousers. In the music video for "Remember the Time", all the dancers and actors except Jackson were lightly dressed following an example made by the ancient Egyptians. Jackson usually avoids wearing patterned clothing to avoid such distractions.
Autopsy Jackson confirmed that he suffered from vitiligo. Her skin was found to have reduced melanocytes (though none) of the cells were active in skin pigmentation. Vitiligo occurs in three different patterns. Segmental depigmentation means only one side of the body is affected, while generalized depigmentation means many parts of the body are affected. Jackson's autopsy report states "focal skin depigmentation" (ie, depigmentation occurs in one or more areas of the body). In Jackson's case, there are 5 affected areas. When Jackson was diagnosed with vitiligo in the mid-1980s, he began to learn more about the disease. She often calls her dermatologist and prospective wife Debbie Rowe for medical information and emotional support.
Taraborrelli states that Jackson was diagnosed with discoid lupus. To treat this condition, Jackson has hydroxychloroquine injected directly into the scalp on a regular basis. He also uses Solaquin, Retin A and Benoquin and should avoid sun exposure more than ever. Taraborrelli says lupus is in remission. Autopsy Jackson did not confirm or deny the claim that he had lupus.
Maps Health and appearance of Michael Jackson
Cosmetic procedures and diet
Over time, the structure of Jackson's face also changed. The surgeon speculated he also had a foster forehead, cheekbone surgery and changed his lips. Those close to the singer estimated that, in 1990, he had undergone about ten procedures. However, in the original edition of a biography published in 1991, Taraborrelli stated Jackson has had a total of six nasal operations including two secondary operations (not considered complete rhinoplasty). According to Taraborrelli, Jackson underwent his first nose surgery after breaking his nose during a complex dance routine in 1979. However, the operation was not entirely successful, and he complained of breathing difficulties that would affect his career. He was referred to Steven Hoefflin, who performed his second nasal surgery in 1981. Taraborrelli stated that Jackson underwent a third nasal surgery three years later and a fourth one in 1986. Jackson wrote in his 1988 autobiography Moonwalk , in addition to the two rhinoplasties, he also has a dimple made on his chin. From 1986 onwards he was a regular client of Arnold Klein, a dermatologist specializing in dermal filler injection, a non-surgical cosmetic procedure.
In his book, Jackson links his face structure changes with puberty, a strict vegetarian diet, weight loss, hairstyle changes and stage lighting. Jackson denied allegations that he had changed his eyes. In June 1992, the Daily Mirror contained a full front page picture, allegedly from Jackson's face, which they described as "very bad" by plastic surgery. Jackson sued the tabloids, and, in 1998, they agreed to an out-of-court settlement with Jackson. In the High Court, the former newspaper editor admits that after meeting Jackson personally, he believes that Jackson is not at all handicapped or injured at all. A lawyer for the Daily Mirror states that the publication does not damage the image.
Media reports said Jackson's autopsy reported a scar beside each of his nostrils, a scar behind each of his ears, and two scars on his neck, "probably" from cosmetic surgery, plus cosmetic tattoos on his eyebrows, around his eyes and lips, and on his scalp (in the receding hairline).
In an unedited documentary version of Living With Michael Jackson, shown in court in 2005, Jackson says he has two procedures on his nose so he can breathe better. When asked about his cheek, Jackson replied: "This cheekbone? No. My father has the same thing We have Indian blood."
In 1987, Jackson's transformation raised questions about race, gender, sexuality, and age, which according to author Joseph Vogel made him the most famous androgynous symbol.
Health issues
General
Over the years, Jackson has various medical problems covered by the media. In early 1984, Jackson was treated for scalp burn after his hair burned during commercial shooting. In June 1990, Jackson was treated at Santa Monica hospital with chest pain. According to Dr. Mark Zatzkis, "Jackson's lab and X-ray and lung tests showed no abnormalities"; pain "caused by the bruised ribs that he suffered during a vigorous dance practice".
The various concerts were canceled due to illness, and the remaining tour was canceled due to addiction. On March 12, 1988, Jackson canceled the show at St. Louis who was rescheduled for March 14; on March 13, Jackson appeared in St. Louis. Louis though he fought against the fever. Cold develops into sore throat; the show on March 14, was also canceled. Three shows in Tacoma, scheduled from October 31 to November 2, 1988, had to be canceled at the doctor's suggestion because Jackson had the flu. Two shows in Los Angeles were canceled because of swollen vocal cords; three shows in Los Angeles scheduled for November 20, 21 and 22 are also canceled; five concerts were rescheduled for January 1989.
In August 1992, a concert in London, England had to be postponed due to a viral infection. Four days later, Jackson appeared in Cardiff, Wales. In September 1992, a concert in Gelsenkirchen, Germany was canceled because Jackson was ill with flu. In Lausanne, Switzerland, an ambulance took Jackson back to his hotel after the show held on September 8; Other performances in Basel, Switzerland, scheduled for September 11, were also canceled. In October 1992, two concerts in Turkey, Istanbul and Izmir, and another in Athens, Greece had to be canceled due to the loss of sound caused by the cold. His private doctor attended Jackson in Istanbul. According to the organizers, "Jackson's vocal cords are disrupted." These concerts should be the last three shows of a European tour. Jackson is seen by a throat specialist in London and is advised to seek further treatment in Los Angeles.
In August 1993, two shows from Jackson's
The first concert in Santiago de Chile, scheduled for October 21, 1993, was canceled due to lumbar problems; two days later, Jackson appeared at Estadio Nacional . Another concert in Lima, Peru, scheduled for October 26, 1993, was canceled due to the torn muscle suffered during the show in Brazil. Several concerts in Mexico City were canceled due to dental problems. Two abscessed molars are withdrawn. However, there are five shows in Mexico City. The last concert of the Dangerous Tour was held in Mexico City on 11 November 1993.
In November 1993, Jackson announced the cancellation of the remaining Dangerous Tour due to an addiction to painkillers that had been prescribed after a scalp surgery that was constructive recently. It was also reported that Jackson canceled shows in Russia and Israel; However, these two concerts did happen. The rescheduling of concerts in Israel is not due to health problems.
In late 1995, Jackson was rushed to the hospital after collapsing during a rehearsal for a television show. Medical officials mention irregular rhythms, gastro-intestinal inflammation, dehydration, and kidney and liver disorders.
According to Dr. Neil Ratner, Jackson suffered a back injury in July 1997 after one of his stages collapsed during a concert in Munich, Germany. However, the History Tour continues; there was only one concert canceled after the fatal accident suffered by Princess Diana about two months later. In fact, such incidents occurred during a charity concert in Munich in 1999. Jackson was then taken to the hospital. Promoter Jackson Marcel Avram said he [Jackson] received abrasions and bruises. Jackson left the hospital the next morning.
On February 15, 2005, Jackson was admitted to the Maria Medical Center in Santa Maria with "flu-like symptoms." According to Dr. Chuck Merrill, Jackson is in stable condition and will recover within a few days. Jackson left the hospital on February 16, 2005; Dr Todd Bailey said Jackson "continues to need treatment for some persistent viral symptoms, but instead he is in good spirits." One week later, the jury selection for child abuse experiments returned to Jackson.
On March 10, 2005, Jackson appeared in court after receiving hospital treatment for back problems. During the trial, Jackson occasionally needed help getting his seat. On June 5, 2005, Jackson was taken to the emergency room at Santa Ynez Valley Cottage Hospital looking for back pain treatments. Jackson's spokesman, Raymone Bain, said "stress contributes to back problems." During the trial, Jackson was hospitalized several times. The BBC reported that during the 2005 trial, the singer again suffered from stress-related illness and severe weight loss.
Dr. Christopher Rogers gave testimony in the trial against Dr. Conrad Murray that, in his opinion, Jackson "is healthier than the average person his age." Rogers says the arteries around Jackson's heart are free of fat and cholesterol, which is unusual for a 50-year-old.
Childhood and mental health
Another aspect the public talks about Jackson's personal life is his childhood, especially his relationship with his father, Joseph. Although Jackson praised his father's strict discipline by playing a big part in his success, he and several of his siblings claimed that they were physically and mentally abused by Joseph from a young age through endless training, lashings, and the use of degrading names like "big noses" for Michael; This abuse affects Michael throughout his life. In one quarrel - what Marlon Jackson remembered - Joseph arrested Michael with one leg and "hit him again and again with his hand, hit his back and butt. Joseph often visits the children or pushes them against the wall. One night while Jackson was asleep, Joseph went up to his room through the window of the room. Wearing a mask of fear, she enters the room shouting and shouting. Joseph says he wants to teach his children not to let the windows open when they sleep. For several years afterward, Jackson had a nightmare for being kidnapped from his bedroom.
In the early 1980s, Jackson was very unhappy; Jackson explains, "Even at home, I'm lonely, I sit in my room sometimes and cry It's very hard to be friends... Sometimes I walk around the neighborhood at night, just hoping to find someone to talk to, but I finally came home. "
Although it has been reported for several years that Jackson had a rough childhood, he first spoke publicly about it in a 1993 interview with Oprah Winfrey. He winced when talking about childhood abuse in his father's hands; he believes he has lost most of his childhood, admitting that he often cries out of loneliness. In the same interview, talking about his father, Jackson said, "There comes a time when he comes to see me, I will get sick... I will start vomiting... I'm sorry... Please do not be angry at me... But I love him." In an interview with Martin Bashir for the 2003 Jackson Documentary Live with Michael Jackson, Jackson covered his face with his hands and started crying when talking about his childhood persecution, remembering that Joe often sat in a chair with a belt in his hand as he and his siblings practice, and that "if you do not do it the right way, he will rip you off, really make you." Also that year, Joe admits that he regularly whips Jackson as a boy, but he and Jackson's mother, Katherine, has denied allegations of longstanding offenses, with Katherine stating that when whipping is considered harassment today, it is a way which is common to discipline children. at the time.
In 2003, Jackson was accused of sexually abusing children and released two years later. During the investigation, Jackson's profile was examined by Stan Katz, a mental health professional, who spent several hours with the accuser as well. According to Taraborrelli, Katz's assessment is that Jackson has become a ten-year-old retiring child. Some medical professionals openly expressed their belief that Jackson also has a dysmorphic disorder of the body, a psychological condition in which the sufferer has no concept of how his physical appearance is perceived by others.
Drug addiction
There was no Jackson hospitalization, including those in late 1995, did the medics find drugs in Jackson's system.
Taraborrelli declared the entertainer taking Valium, Xanax and Ativan in 1993. While Jackson himself did not mention sedatives, he stated that painkillers were prescribed to soothe the extraordinary pain he suffered after recent reconstructive surgery on his scalp due to an accident on in 1984. Court deposition unrelated to alleged child abuse, Jackson looked drowsy, lack of concentration, and repeatedly lisp when speaking. He can not remember the release date of the previous album or the names of people who have worked with him. It took him several minutes to name some of his recent albums.
Jackson also stated during a 1993 interview that he first began taking painkillers regularly in 1984. On January 24 of that year, Jackson was shooting a Pepsi commercial when his hair was burned from the wrong fireworks on stage intended to be part of a single many filmed. He suffered second-degree burns on his scalp and never fully recovered from injury or due to persistent pain. He reportedly began taking painkillers after refusing initially to deal with severe pain.
On November 9 and November 10, 1993, Jackson was questioned about copyright issues. According to sworn statements from the plaintiff's lawyer, he was told that Jackson "took painkillers for recent oral surgery."
In November 1993, Jackson announced that he was addicted to painkillers; she said she had just had a scalp surgery, and painkillers had been prescribed. Jackson said because of the pressure caused by the alleged child abuse and the energy he needed for the Dangerous Tour he was "physically and emotionally exhausted." He said he had "become increasingly dependent on painkillers," and would seek treatment. His lawyer said Jackson would be treated for an addiction abroad for one and a half months to two months. In December 1993, Jackson returned to the United States.
Jackson was taken to the Charter Nightingale Clinic where he sought drugs while admission; medicine bottles found in a suitcase. She wears Valium IV to wean her from painkillers. The singer's spokesman later told reporters that Jackson "could barely function properly on an intellectual level." During the clinic, Jackson took part in group therapy sessions and one-on-one. According to Taraborrelli, in January 2004, when his trial approached, Jackson became dependent on morphine and Demerol and was treated for this dependence by Alfredo Bowman herbalist in Colorado.
In an interview with Aphrodite Jones, Patrick Treacy, a cosmetic surgeon who treated Jackson between July 2006 and early 2007, and shortly before his death, stated that he would know whether Jackson would also be treated by another doctor and that he had never seen drugs in home. He also said that Jackson had no insomnia and never asked him for narcotics. Treacy claims Jackson is in good physical health; Jackson said he always emphasized the presence of anesthetist when Propofol was administered.
Jackson is 5Ã, ft. 9 in. And weighs 136 lbs, which would be within the normal weight range, although he was thin, Dr. Rogers testified in court. According to his customer Michael Bush, Jackson lost so much weight during the concert because the water loss that worn Jackson's costume at the end of the show should be smaller than what he wore at the beginning of the show; Usually, he is a 28 inch waist. According to Dr. Nader Kamangar, a sleeping expert at UCLA, drugs such as Demerol can cause insomnia. In Jackson's case, insomnia can be caused by "anxiety to do" as well.
After Jackson's death, a police order issued to the attending physician, Conrad Murray, stated that many Jackson doctors had used nineteen different aliases, such as "Omar Arnold," "Josephine Baker," "Fernand Diaz," "Paul Farance, "Peter Madonie," "Faheem Muhammad," "Roselyn Muhammad," "Blanca Nicholas," "Jimmy Nicholas," "Bryan Singleton," "Frank Tyson," and "Rob Kaufman" prescribing medicine for Jackson. He also took the recipe as "Prince," "Michael Amir," and "Kai Chase," the names of one of his sons, his spokesman, and his former personal chef, respectively. Police found a CD mentioning the alias "Omar Arnold" when they raided the home and offices of Las Vegas, Nevada, Conrad Murray, Jackson's personal physician. The use of fictitious names by celebrity physicians is a common practice for maintaining the confidentiality of a patient's medical history and not always showing an addiction.
Death
After Jackson's death, his usage report petidin (Demerol) appears. Cherilyn Lee, a nurse who provided nutritional counseling to Jackson, said that on April 12, 2009, he asked her for an unspecified "bed product". On April 19, 2009, he told her the only cure that would help was propofol. Lee refused, telling him, "Michael, the only problem with you taking this medicine... is you will take it and you will not wake up." Jackson refused the warning, informing him that he had been given the drug before with IV injection and that his doctor told him it was safe. He did not mention the doctor's name. Propofol overdose can cause the patient to stop breathing, causing oxygen deprivation and accumulation of carbon dioxide in the body that can cause arrhythmias and heart attacks. That was the last time they met.
Because there is a question about cancellation insurance for upcoming tours, the insurance operator asks for a medical examination by a doctor they trust. In February 2009, Jackson underwent an examination performed by Dr. David Slavit from New York. Later, the broker told AEG Jackson's senior vice president only a slight fever and had passed the test "with flying colors." A second medical examination should be conducted on July 6, 2009.
According to Lee, he received a panic call on June 21, 2009, from a staff maid of Jackson. The maid reported that Jackson felt sick. Lee reported hearing Jackson complain that one side of his body is hot, the other side is cold. He believes that someone has given him something that affects his central nervous system. He advised the aide to take him to the hospital.
After his death, an autopsy report revealed that Jackson had a strong heart and a "healthy enough" 50-year-old. According to the BBC, his weight was in an acceptable range for a man as tall as his body, but he had pierced his arm and suffered lung damage and some arthritis. The document shows Jackson's most serious health problem is his inflamed chronic lung, but this is not serious enough to be the cause of his death. The post mortem does not reveal any physical problems that might limit Jackson's ability to perform. "Her overall health is fine," said Dr. Zeev Kain from the University of California, who reviewed the report for the AP but was not involved in the post-mortem examination, "The results are within normal limits." Autopsy also revealed that he was partially bald and that his lips, eyebrows, and scalp were tattooed.
In 2011, Rogers said in his testimony: "The seemingly unreasonable theory for me is that Mr. Jackson woke up, and even though he was under the influence of a sedative, manages to give himself another dose." Toxicologist Dan Anderson testified that Demerol is undetectable in the Jackson system.
See also
- Puer aeternus
References
Further reading
External links
- Face Change Michael JacksonÃ, - slide show (1972-2009)
- Vitiligo Research Foundation
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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