Chesney Henry " Chet " Baker Jr. (December 23, 1929 - May 13, 1988) is an American jazz trumpeter and vocalist.
Baker got a lot of attention and critical acclaim during the 1950s, especially for the album featuring his vocals ( Chet Baker Sings , That Can Happen to You ). Jazz historian Dave Gelly describes Baker's early appointments as "James Dean, Sinatra, and Bix, rolled into one." His well-publicized drug habits also led to his fame and fame. Baker often went out in jail before enjoying a career revival in the late 1970s and 1980s.
Video Chet Baker
Biography
Initial years
Baker was born and raised in a musical household in Yale, Oklahoma. His father, Chesney Baker Sr., is a professional guitarist, and his mother, Vera Moser, is a pianist working in a perfume factory. The maternal grandmother, Randi Those, is Norwegian. Baker notes that due to the Great Depression, his father, though talented, had to quit as a musician and take up permanent work.
Baker began his musical career singing in the church choir. Her father gave her a trombone, which was replaced with a trumpet when the trombone proved too big. His mother noted that he started memorizing the tone on the radio before he was given a musical instrument. After "falling in love" with the trumpet, he improved in two weeks. Peers calls Baker a natural musician who plays easily.
Baker received some music education at Glendale Junior High School, but he left school at the age of 16 years in 1946 to join the US Army. He was assigned to Berlin, Germany, where he joined the Army band 298. After leaving the Army in 1948, he studied music and harmony theory at El Camino College in Los Angeles. He broke up during his second year to re-register. He became a member of the Sixth Army Band in Presidio in San Francisco, spending time in clubs such as Bop City and Black Hawk. He came out of the Army in 1951 and began to pursue a career in music.
Career
Baker performed with Vido Musso and Stan Getz before being chosen by Charlie Parker for a series of West Coast engagements.
In 1952, Baker joined the Gerry Mulligan Quartet. Instead of playing identical melodic lines simultaneously like Parker and Dizzy Gillespie, Baker and Mulligan complement each other with matches and anticipate what will be played next. "My Funny Valentine", with a solo by Baker, became a hit and will be linked with Baker for the rest of his career. With the Quartet, Baker is a regular player at Los Angeles jazz clubs such as The Haig and Tiffany Club.
Within a year, Mulligan was arrested and imprisoned on drug charges. Baker formed a quartet with rotations that included pianist Russ Freeman, bassist Bob Whitlock, Carson Smith, Joe Mondragon, and Jimmy Bond, and drummer Larry Bunker, Bob Neel, and Shelly Manne. The Baker Quartet released popular albums between 1953 and 1956. Baker won readers' polls in Metronome and Down Beat magazines, beating trumpet players Miles Davis and Clifford Brown. In 1954, readers called Baker as the top jazz vocalist. In 1956, Pacific Jazz Records released Chet Baker Sings , an album that increased its visibility and attracted criticism. Nevertheless, Baker sang for the rest of his career.
Hollywood studios see opportunities in Baker sculpture features. She made her acting debut in the movie Hell's Horizon, released in the fall of 1955. She rejected the studio contract, preferring to live on the street as a musician. Over the next few years, Baker led his own combo, including a 1955 quartet with Francy Boland, in which Baker incorporated trumpet and song games. In 1956 he completed an eight-month European tour, where he recorded Chechen Baker in Europe.
He became a jazz icon of the West coast, helped by good looks and singing talent. One of 1956 Baker records, released for the first time overall in 1989 as The Route , with Art Pepper, further assisted West Coast jazz sound and became a cool jazz staple.
In late 1959 he returned to Europe, recording in Italy what would be known as Milano Session with arranger and conductor Ezio Leoni (aka Len Mercer) and his orchestra. Baker was arrested for possession of drugs and imprisoned in Pisa, forcing Leoni to communicate through prison wardens to coordinate arrangements with Baker when they were ready to record.
Drug addiction and decline
Baker often says he started using heroin in 1957. Writer Jeroen de Valk and pianist Russ Freeman say that Baker started heroin in the early 1950s. Freeman was Baker's musical director after Baker left the Mulligan quartet. Baker sometimes pawned his equipment to buy drugs. During the 1960s, he was imprisoned in Italy for drug allegations and expelled from Germany and the UK for drug-related offenses. He was deported to the US from Germany due to legal problems for the second time. He settled in Milpitas, California, performing in San Francisco and San Jose between prisons for prescription fraud.
In 1966, Baker was beaten, allegedly while trying to buy drugs, after performing at The Trident restaurant in Sausalito. He received cuts, and possibly a broken tooth, which damaged the emburture and made it difficult to play a trumpet. In the film Let i Get Lost , Baker says an acquaintance tries to rob him but retreats, only to return the next night with a group of people chasing him. He got into the car and was surrounded. Instead of saving him, the people in the car push him back onto the road, where the chase continues. Her teeth are dislodged, making her unable to play the trumpet. He works at the gas station until he concludes that he must find his way back to the music. He is suitable for dentures and works in embungs. Three months later he got a job in New York City.
During most of the 60s, Baker played flugelhorn and recorded music that could be classified as West Coast jazz.
Back
After developing a new embouchure resulting from dentures, Baker returned to jazz straight-ahead who started his career. He moved to New York City and began performing and recording again, including with guitarist Jim Hall. Then in 1970, Baker returned to Europe, where he was assisted by his friend Diane Vavra, who took care of his personal needs and assisted him during the recording and date of his performance.
From 1978 until his death in 1988, Baker lived and played almost exclusively in Europe, returning to the US once a year for several performances. This is Baker's most productive era as a recording artist. But, because of its vast output spread across many small European labels, none of these recordings ever reach a wider audience, although many of them are well received by critics. The most important is the Baker quartet featuring pianist Phil Markowitz (1978-80) and his trion with guitarist Philip Catherine and bassist Jean-Louis Rassinfosse (1983-85). He also toured with a saxophonist, Stan Getz.
In 1983, British singer Elvis Costello, an old Baker fan, hired a trumpet player to play a solo song "Shipbuilding" for Punch the Clock album. This song exposes Baker's music to a new audience. Later, Baker often performed the Costello song "Almost Blue" (inspired by Baker's version of "The Thrill Is Gone") in the concert set, and recorded the song for Let's Get Lost.
In 1986, Chet Baker: Live at Ronnie Scott's London presented Baker in a familiar stage performance, filmed with Elvis Costello and Van Morrison as he undertook a series of standards and classics, including "Just Friends", "My Ideal ", and" Shifting Down ". By sharpening music, Baker speaks one on one with friends and colleagues, Costello about his childhood, his career, and his struggle with drugs. Although Baker was not in good shape during the concert, the interview was very informative.
The video material recorded by Japanese television during Baker's 1987 tour in Japan showed a man whose face looked much older than him, but his trumpet trumpet was alert, alive and inspired. Baker recorded a live album Chet Baker in Tokyo with his quartet featuring pianist Harold Danko, bassist Hein Van de Geyn and drummer John Engels less than a year before his death, and released posthumously. Silent Nights , recorded Christmas music, recorded with Christopher Mason in New Orleans in 1986 and released in 1987.
Maps Chet Baker
Composition
Baker's compositions include "Chetty's Lullaby", "Freeway", "Early Morning Mood", "Two a Day", "So Che Ti PerderÃÆ'²", "Il Mio Domani" ("My Tomorrow" "" Motivo Su Raggio Di Luna "," The Route "," Skidaddlin '"," New Morning Blues "," Blue Gilles "," Dessert ", and" Anticipated Blues ".
Death
On 13 May 1988, Baker was found dead on the street below his hotel room in Amsterdam, with a serious wound on his head, apparently falling from a second-floor window. Heroin and cocaine are found in his room and in his body. There was no evidence of a struggle, and the death decided the accident. A plaque outside the hotel memorialized him.
Baker is buried at Inglewood Park Cemetery in Inglewood, California.
Legacy
Baker was photographed by William Claxton for his book Young Chet: The Young Chet Baker . The Academy Award documentary nominated in 1988 on Baker, Let's Get Lost, described it as a cultural icon of the 1950s, but paired this with his later image as a drug addict. The film, directed by fashion photographer Bruce Weber, is taken in black and white and includes a series of interviews with friends, family (including three children by third wife Carol Baker), colleagues and female friends, interspersed with films from Baker's his previous life, and by interviewing Baker from his last years. In Chet Baker, Life and Music, writer De Valk and others criticized the film for featuring Baker as a fresh musician in his final years. The film was recorded for several weeks in the first half of 1987 and ignored the later spotlight like a Japanese concert.
Time after Time: The Chet Baker Project , written by playwright James O'Reilly, toured Canada in 2001 for much praise.
Baker reported inspiration for the Chad Bixby character, played by Robert Wagner in the 1960 movie All the Fine Young Cannibals . Another film, titled Prince of Cool , about Baker's life, was canceled in January 2008.
In 1991, singer-songwriter David Wilcox recorded the song "Chet Baker's Unsung Swan Song" on his album Home Again , speculating on what might be Baker's last thought before falling to his death.
Jeroen de Valk has written a biography of Baker: Chet Baker: Life and Music is an English translation. Other biographies include James Gavin Deep in the Dream - Chet Baker's Long Night , and Matthew Ruddick's Funny Valentine . "Memoirs disappear" Baker is available in the book Like I Have Wings , which includes introductions by Carol Baker.
She is portrayed by Ethan Hawke in the 2015 movie Born to Be Blue. This was a new concept of Baker's career in the late 1960s, when he was well known for his music and his addiction, and he took part in a film about his life to improve his career.
Australian electronics musician Nicholas James Murphy chose Chet Faker as his stage name, to pay homage to Chet Baker, who was very influential for him.
Brazilian jazz pianist Eliane Elias presents his 2013 album "I Thought About You" to Chet Baker.
Awards and honors
- Big Band Induction and Jazz Hall of Fame, 1987
- Down Beat Jazz Hall of Fame magazine, 1989
- Oklahoma Jazz Hall of Fame, 1991
- Chet Baker Day was proclaimed by Oklahoma Governor Brad Henry and the Oklahoma Representative Council, 2005
- Chet Baker Day was proclaimed by Tulsa, Oklahoma Mayor Kathy Taylor, 2007
- Chet Baker Jazz Festival in his honor at Yale, Oklahoma, October 10, 2015
- ForlÃÆ'¬ Jazz Festival in honor of Chet Baker (30 years after his death), in ForlÃÆ'¬, Italy, May 2-19, 2018 Discussion
- (1955) Hell's Horizon , by Tom Gries: actor
- (1959) Audace colpo dei soliti ignoti , by Nanni Loy: music
- (1960) Howlers in the Dock , by Lucio Fulci: actor
- (1963) Ore rubate ["stolen clock"], by Daniel Petrie: music
- (1963) Tromba Fredda , by Enzo Nasso: actors and music
- (1963) Le concerto de la peur , by JosÃÆ'Â © BÃÆ'Ã… © nazÃÆ' Â © raf: music
- (1964) L'enfer dans la peau , by JosÃÆ'Â © BÃÆ'Ã… © nazÃÆ' Â © raf: music
- (1964) Nudi per vivere , by Elio Petri, Giuliano Montaldo, and Giulio Questi: music
- (1988) Let's Get Lost , by Bruce Weber: music
- Baker, Chet; Carol Baker. Like Though I Have Wings: The Lost Memoir . St Martins Press, 1997.
- De Valk, Jeroen. Chet Baker: Live and the Music . Berkeley Hills Books, 2000. ISBNÃ, 18-931-6313-X. The edition is updated drastically and expanded: 'Chet Baker: Live and the Music'. Uitgeverij Aspekt, 2017. ISBNÃ, 9789461539786.
- Gavin, James. Deep in a Dream: Chet Baker's Long Night . New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002.
- Ruddick, Matthew. Valentine Funny: The Story of Chet Baker . Melrose Books, 2012.
- Chet Baker at AllMusic
- Chet Baker on IMDb
- Chet Baker in the Search of the Mausoleum
- "Baker, Chet", Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture .
Movieography
References
Further reading
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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